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ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the agronomic performance of a second crop maize grown under different methods of inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with 6 treatments and four replications. The treatments used were: no inoculation (T1); inoculation with A. brasilense via seed (T2); inoculation with A. brasilense via sowing furrow (T3); inoculation with A. brasilense via leaf (T4); two inoculations with A. brasilense via leaf (T5); and combination of inoculations via seed, sowing furrow, and leaf (T6). Physiological, morphological, production, and yield components of the second crop maize were evaluated. The data were subjected to analysis of variance at 0.05 probability level and when significant, the means were subjected to the Scott-Knott test at 0.05 probability level, using the R-bio statistical program. Inoculation via seed results in higher nitrate reductase enzyme activity. The inoculation with A. brasilense does not result in gains in grain yield for second crop maize; however, it improves the maize quality by increasing its gross protein contents.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-737x202370060004

Evaluation of Flow Accelerated Corrosion in Typical Recovery Boiler Environments of Energy Production Industries
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Moreira, Rogaciano M.

; Almeida, Tatiana C.

; Bandeira, Merlin C. E.

; Assunção, Felipe R. S.

; Carvalho, Juliana F. A.

; Silva, Elaine F.

; Verbicario, João V. T.

; Mattos, Oscar R.

; Oliveira, Jefferson R.

; Bonfim, André L. C.

; Novgorodecev, André R.

Materials Research

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2022, Volume 25 Supl. 1 elocation e20210520

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Flow accelerated corrosion (FAC) is a steel degradation that occurs in heat recovery steam generators in the power industry. The mechanism of this corrosion comprises an electrochemical dissolution of the semi-protective magnetite layer (Fe3O4) that is formed within the pipes employed in the boilers. The FAC is influenced by different factors such as fluid velocity, pH and dissolved oxygen concentration. In this context, Rotating Cage tests were used to evaluate the influence of pH and dissolved oxygen content on FAC of A210, P11 and P22 steels. General corrosion was lower for P11 and P22 steels, an effect consistent with the presence of chromium in their compositions. General corrosion was most critical at pH 8.5. The corrosion intensity decreased for the three steels when the dissolved oxygen concentration increased, at 2 m/s. This behavior is coherent considering the most effective precipitation of Fe2O3 inside the pores of the Fe3O4 layer in a more oxidizing environment. For 3 m/s, the corrosion intensity increased for both materials when oxygen increased, showing the shear stress effect. These behaviors were more significant at pH 8.5. About pitting corrosion, the analyzes show localized attack in the majority of coupons, however with very low number of pits.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2021-0520

Influence of creep feeder position on the behavior and performance of preweaning piglets and sows in a hot climate environment
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OLIVEIRA, EWERSON S.

; NASCIMENTO, ELAINE L.L.

; LIMA, HELLEN K.S.

; NEVES, JACQUELINE S.

; DAMASCENO, JAMILLY G.

; SILVA, JULIANA C.

; OLIVEIRA, NATÁLIA C.

; NASCIMENTO, PEDRO H.

; OLIVEIRA, RAFAEL A.

; ARAÚJO, VITOR O.

; VIEIRA, MARIA F.A.

; MONTEIRO, BRUNO M.

; SCHINCKEL, ALLAN P.

; GARBOSSA, CESAR A.P.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 Nº 3 elocation e20200248

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The use of creep feeding for preweaning piglets is important to improve the performance of the piglets. The objective of this experiment was evaluate the effect of using or altering the position of piglet’s creep feeder during lactation on piglet’s performance and on behavior of piglets and sows kept in a hot climate environment. Forty-five sows and their litters at 10 days of lactation were randomly distributed into three treatments: front feeder (FF) - near the side of the sow’s head; back feeder (BF) - near the side of the rump of the sow; and no feeder (NF). All piglets were weighed individually to evaluate the average weight, weight gain and coefficient of variation of the weight. Behavior assessments of the piglets and sows were recorded in 3 period. At 15 and 21 d, piglets of the FF treatment were heavier (P ≤ 0.0001) than piglets of the other treatments. At 10-21d piglets of FF treatment had 76.2% less belly nosing behavior than the NF piglets (P=0.015). The treatments had no impact on behavior of the sows. The creep feeders positioned in the front of the farrowing crate increased piglet growth rate and decreased frequency of belly nosing behavior.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120200248 368 downloads

Performance evaluation of a Sars-CoV-2 rapid test and two automated immunoassays
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Castejon, Márcia J.

; Yamashiro, Rosemeire

; Oliveira, Elaine L.

; Silveira, Edilene R. P.

; Hong, Marisa A.

; Oliveira, Carmem Aparecida F.

; Silva, Valéria O.

; Ahagon, Cintia M.

; Lima, Ana Késia S.

; Lindoso, José Angelo L.

; Brígido, Luís Fernando M.

Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial

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2021, Volume 57 elocation e4252021

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Introdução: Em função da urgência e demanda de uma resposta à pandemia do novo coronavírus (Covid-19), vários testes de detecção de anticorpos para a síndrome respiratória aguda grave do coronavírus 2 (Sars-CoV-2) têm sido desenvolvidos. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho do teste rápido utilizado em um inquérito epidemiológico para Sars-CoV-2 em comparação com outros ensaios sorológicos. Métodos: Foram avaliadas 86 amostras de soro em três ensaios sorológicos: um imunoensaio de fluxo lateral - Wondfo Sars-CoV-2 Antibody Test (TRW) - e dois imunoensaios de quimioluminescência: Elecsys anti-Sars-CoV-2 (ECLIA) e Sars-CoV-2 IgG (CMIA-IgG). Resultados: As sensibilidades diagnósticas estimadas dos testes sorológicos na avaliação dessas amostras foram: TRW 59% [95% intervalo de confiança (IC) 43,4%-72,9%], ECLIA 66,7% (51%-79,4%) e CMIA-IgG 61,5% (47,1%-73%). Enquanto isso, a especificidade diagnóstica estimada para TRW foi 78,7% (95% CI 65,1%-88%), ECLIA 72,3% (58,2%-83,1%) e CMIA-IgG 76,6% (74%-95,5%). Os valores de sensibilidade e especificidade foram inferiores aos afirmados pelos fabricantes. Embora 16,2% (14/86) dos resultados tenham sido discordantes entre os três ensaios serológicos para Sars-CoV-2, o grau de concordância pelo índice Kappa foi adequado: TRW/CMIA-IgG [0,757 (95% IC 0,615-0,899)], TRW/ECLIA [0,715 (0,565-0,864)] e ECLIA/CMIA-IgG [0,858 (0,748-0,968)]. Conclusão: O teste sorológico pode ser uma ferramenta diagnóstica útil, o que reforça sua avaliação criteriosa, bem como o momento correto de sua utilização.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Due to urgency and demand of a response to the Covid-19 pandemic, numerous Sars-CoV-2 immunoassays have been rapidly developed. Objective: This study aimed at assessing the performance of rapid Sars-CoV-2 antibody test in comparison to high-throughput serological assays. Methods: A total of 86 serum samples were evaluated in the three assays: a lateral flow immunoassay - Wondfo Sars-CoV-2 Antibody Test (WRT) - and two chemiluminescence immunoassays: Elecsys Anti-Sars-CoV-2 (ECLIA), and Sars-CoV-2 IgG (CMIA-IgG). Results: The estimated diagnostic sensitivities of serological tests in the evaluation of serum samples from the epidemiological survey were: WRT 59% [95% confidence interval (CI) 43.4%-72.9%], ECLIA 66.7% (51%-79.4%), and CMIA-IgG 61.5% (47.1%-73%). Meanwhile, the estimated diagnostic specificity was for WRT 78.7% (95% CI 65.1%-88%), ECLIA 72.3% (58.2%-83.1%), and CMIA-IgG 76.6% (74%-95.5%). The sensitivity and specificity values were lower than manufacturers’ claimed. Although 16.2% (14/86) of serological results were discordant among the three Sars-CoV-2 serological assays, the degree of agreement by the kappa index was adequate: WRT/CMIA-IgG [0.757 (95% CI 0.615-0.899)], WRT/ECLIA [0.715 (0.565-0.864)], and ECLIA/CMIA-IgG [0.858 (0.748-0.968)]. Conclusion: The serological testing may be a useful diagnostic tool, which reinforces its careful evaluation, and, as well as the correct time to use it.

RESUMEN Introducción: Debido a la urgencia y la demanda de una respuesta a la pandemia de Covid-19, se han desarrollado rápidamente numerosos inmunoensayos del Sars-CoV-2. Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el rendimiento de la prueba rápida de anticuerpos contra el Sars-CoV-2 en comparación con los ensayos serológicos de alto rendimiento. Métodos: Se evaluaron un total de 86 muestras de suero en los tres ensayos: un inmunoensayo de flujo lateral - Wondfo Sars-CoV-2 Antibody Test (TRW) - y dos inmunoensayos de quimioluminiscencia: Elecsys Anti-Sars-CoV-2 (ECLIA) y Sars-CoV-2 IgG (CMIA-IgG). Resultados: Las sensibilidades diagnósticas estimadas de las pruebas serológicas en la evaluación de muestras de suero de la encuesta epidemiológica fueron: WRT 59% [intervalo de confianza (IC) del 95%: 43,4%-72,9%], ECLIA 66,7% (51%-79,4%) y CMIA-IgG 61,5% (47,1%-73%). Mientras tanto, la especificidad diagnóstica estimada fue para WRT 78,7% (95% CI 65,1%-88%), ECLIA 72,3% (58,2%-83,1%) y CMIA-IgG 76,6% (74%-95,5%). Los valores de sensibilidad y especificidad fueron más bajos que los declarados por los fabricantes. Aunque el 16,2% (14/86) de los resultados fueron discordantes entre los tres ensayos serológicos del Sars-CoV-2, el grado de concordancia del índice kappa fue adecuado: WRT/CMIA-IgG [0,757 (IC del 95%: 0,615-0,899)], WRT/ECLIA [0,715 (0,565-0,864)] y ECLIA/CMIA-IgG [0,858 (0,748-0,968)]. Conclusión: La prueba serológica puede ser una herramienta diagnóstica útil, lo que refuerza su evaluación cuidadosa, así como el momento adecuado para usarla.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1676-2444.20210040 1 downloads

Pediatric patients with COVID-19 admitted to intensive care units in Brazil: a prospective multicenter study,
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Prata-Barbosa, Arnaldo

; Lima-Setta, Fernanda

; Santos, Gustavo Rodrigues dos

; Lanziotti, Vanessa Soares

; Castro, Roberta Esteves Vieira de

; Souza, Daniela Carla de

; Raymundo, Carlos Eduardo

; Oliveira, Felipe Rezende Caino de

; Lima, Lucio Flavio Peixoto de

; Tonial, Cristian Tedesco

; Colleti Jr., José

; Bellinat, Ana Paula Novaes

; Lorenzo, Vivian Botelho

; Zeitel, Raquel de Seixas

; Pulcheri, Lucas

; Costa, Fernanda Ciuffo Monte da

; La Torre, Fabíola Peixoto Ferreira

; Figueiredo, Elaine Augusta das Neves

; Silva, Thiago Peres da

; Riveiro, Paula Marins

; Mota, Isabele Coelho Fonseca da

; Brandão, Igor Bromonschenkel

; Azevedo, Zina Maria Almeida de

; Gregory, Simone Camera

; Boedo, Fernanda Raquel Oliveira

; Carvalho, Rosana Novais de

; Castro, Natália Almeida de Arnaldo Silva Rodriguez

; Genu, Daniel Hilário Santos

; Foronda, Flavia Andrea Krepel

; Cunha, Antonio José Ledo A.

; Magalhães-Barbosa, Maria Clara de

Jornal de Pediatria

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Dez 2020, Volume 96 Nº 5 Páginas 582 - 592

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivo: Descrever as características clínicas de crianças e adolescentes internados em unidade de terapia intensiva com COVID-19 confirmada. Método: Estudo prospectivo, multicêntrico, observacional, em 19 unidades de terapia intensiva pediátrica. Foram incluídos pacientes entre um mês e 19 anos, admitidos consecutivamente (março a maio de 2020). As características demográficas, clínico-epidemiológicas, o tratamento e os resultados foram coletados. Os subgrupos foram comparados de acordo com as comorbidades, idade < 1 ano e necessidade de ventilação mecânica invasiva. Um modelo de regressão logística multivariável foi utilizado para preditores de gravidade. Resultados: Setenta e nove pacientes foram incluídos (10 com síndrome inflamatória multi-ssistêmica). Mediana de idade, quatro anos; 54% eram do sexo masculino (síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica, 80%); 41% tinham comorbidades (síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica, 20%). Febre (76%), tosse (51%) e taquipneia (50%) foram comuns nos dois grupos. Sintomas graves egastrointestinais e marcadores inflamatórios mais elevados foram mais frequentes na presença de síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica. Infiltrados intersticiais pulmonares foram comuns em ambos os grupos, mas o derrame pleural foi mais prevalente no grupo com síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica (43% vs. 14%). A ventilação mecânica invasiva foi utilizada em 18% (mediana 7,5 dias); antibióticos, oseltamivir e corticosteroides foram utilizados em 76%, 43% e 23%, respectivamente, mas não a hidroxicloroquina. A mediana do tempo de permanência na unidade de terapia intensiva pediátrica foi de 5 dias; duas mortes ocorreram (3%) no grupo não- síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica. Os pacientes com comorbidades eram mais velhos, e as comorbidades foram independentemente associadas à necessidade de ventilação mecânica invasiva(OR 5,5; IC95%, 1,43-21,12; P 0,01). Conclusões: Nas unidades de terapia intensiva pediátrica brasileiras, a COVID-19 apresentou baixa mortalidade, a idade inferior a um ano não foi associada a um pior prognóstico, os pacientes com síndrome inflamatória multissistêmica apresentaram sintomas mais graves, biomarcadores inflamatórios mais elevados e uma grande predominância no sexo masculino, mas apenas a presença de comorbidades e doenças crônicas foi um preditor independente de gravidade.

Abstract Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics of children and adolescents admitted to intensive care with confirmed COVID-19. Method: Prospective, multicenter, observational study, in 19 pediatric intensive care units. Patients aged 1 month to 19 years admitted consecutively (March-May 2020) were included. Demographic, clinical-epidemiological features, treatment, and outcomes were collected. Subgroups were compared according to comorbidities, age < 1 year, and need for invasive mechanical ventilation. A multivariable logistic regression model was used for predictors of severity. Results: Seventy-nine patients were included (ten with multisystemic inflammatory syndrome). Median age 4 years; 54% male (multisystemic inflammatory syndrome, 80%); 41% had comorbidities (multisystemic inflammatory syndrome, 20%). Fever (76%), cough (51%), and tachypnea (50%) were common in both groups. Severe symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms, and higher inflammatory markers were more frequent in multisystemic inflammatory syndrome. Interstitial lung infiltrates were common in both groups, but pleural effusion was more prevalent in the multisystemic inflammatory syndrome group (43% vs. 14%). Invasive mechanical ventilation was used in 18% (median 7.5 days); antibiotics, oseltamivir, and corticosteroids were used in 76%, 43%, and 23%, respectively, but not hydroxychloroquine. The median pediatric intensive care unit length-of-stay was five days; there were two deaths (3%) in the non- multisystemic inflammatory syndrome group. Patients with comorbidities were older and comorbidities were independently associated with the need for invasive mechanical ventilation (OR 5.5; 95% CI, 1.43-21.12; p = 0.01). Conclusions: In Brazilian pediatric intensive care units, COVID-19 had low mortality, age less than 1 year was not associated with a worse prognosis, and patients with multisystemic inflammatory syndrome had more severe symptoms, higher inflammatory biomarkers, and a greater predominance of males, but only comorbidities and chronic diseases were independent predictors of severity.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2020.07.002 2718 downloads

ADSORÇÃO DE CONTAMINANTES DO BIODIESEL POR FIBRAS DE BAGAÇO MODIFICADAS NA SUPERFÍCIE
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Oliveira, Renata de Souza

; Borges, Mariana Fornazier

; Vieira, Andressa Tironi

; Henrique, Mariana Alves

; Ribeiro, Elaine A. Mundim

; Bezerra, Franciel Aureliano

; Portela, Flaysner Magayver

; Pereira, Nilson Roberto

; Assunção, Rosana Maria Nascimento de

; Ruggiero, Reinaldo

Química Nova

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Fev 2018, Volume 41 Nº 2 Páginas 121 - 128

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Sugarcane bagasse fibers chemically modified on its surface were used to adsorb contaminants from biodiesel. Two biodiesel samples were used as adsorbates: crude and washed biodiesel. The contaminants were mainly glycerol and water, but also ions, and methanol. The biodiesel is usually washed, in order to remove most of the contaminants, but the procedure introduces large amounts of water, which are further difficult to remove, because the biodiesel acting as an acceptor of hydrogen bond. The adsorbent used in this work was proved to be very efficient to remove the contaminants and also to remove water from the washing the crude biodiesel. The contaminants adsorbed from biodiesel were identified by thermal analyses (DSC and DTA) of the fibers (adsorbent) and of the biodiesel (adsorbate) by comparing the results with the pure biodiesel. The proportion of free glycerol showed high adsorption efficiency for the crude biodiesel. A total amount of 1.34 g of fibers was estimated as being needed for its complete removal. The mass of bagasse fibers added (up to 1g) in a fixed volume of biodiesel was a relevant condition, as the saturation in fibers started at around 0.70 g cleaning up to about 98% removal of the impurities.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170164 1390 downloads

AVALIAÇÃO DA EFICIÊNCIA DO MÉTODO TO-15 PARA DETERMINAÇÃO DE COMPOSTOS ORGÂNICOS VOLÁTEIS EM CONDIÇÕES TÍPICAS DE AMBIENTE URBANO
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Silva, Cleyton Martins da

; Souza, Elaine Cesar C. A.

; Silva, Luane Lima da

; Oliveira, Rafael Lopes

; Arbilla, Graciela

; Corrêa, Sergio Machado

Química Nova

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Dez 2016, Volume 39 Nº 10 Páginas 1245 - 1253

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

The efficiency of U.S.EPA TO-15 Method was evaluated under typical conditions of an urban environment with natural and anthropic emission sources. The performance criteria which should be met for a system to qualify, were fulfilled: a detection limit of ≤0.2 ng for all target compounds, replicate precision for a calibration standard and ambient samples within 20%. The stability of the target compounds during storage of sampled air in canisters was also evaluated at atmospheric pressure and relative humidity of 50%. Results show that, in the sampling conditions, compounds are not stable for more than a week. For validation experiments, samples were collected at the entrance of Tijuca National Park, located at the city of Rio de Janeiro. Isoprene was selected as a marker of biogenic emissions, and aromatic compounds were selected as markers of anthropogenic emissions, primarily vehicular emissions. Then, samples were collected in Saens Peña Square, a central area in the Tijuca District, in the northern part of the city, approximately 10 km from the entrance of Tijuca National Park. Volatile organic compounds were determined and the results were compared with previous data obtained in the same local using other methods.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20160142 1938 downloads

Comparative Study of First-Derivative Spectrophotometry and High Performance Liquid Chromatography Methods for Quantification of Paclitaxel in Liposomal Formulation
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Barbosa, Marcos V.

; Monteiro, Liziane O. F.

; Malagutti, Andréa R.

; Oliveira, Mônica C.

; Carvalho-Junior, Alvaro D.

; Leite, Elaine A.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Jul 2015, Volume 26 Nº 7 Páginas 1338 - 1343

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

<p>A simple and sensitive method using first-derivative ultraviolet spectrophotometry (DS-UV) was developed, validated, and compared to the high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for quantification of paclitaxel (PTX) in a liposomal formulation. Different analytical performance parameters such as linearity, accuracy, precision, specificity, detection, and quantification limits were determined according to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. No interference from the lipid compounds was detected in the HPLC and the DS-UV methods at 246 nm. Linearity determined for paclitaxel concentrations ranging from 6.0 to 24.0 µg mL<sup>-1</sup> presented a correlation coefficient higher than 0.999 for both methods. Relative standard deviation (RSD) values lower than 2% for intra- and inter-day precision data could be obtained. Accuracy mean values ranged from 98.9 to 102.0%. Robustness data showed that the PTX content was unaffected by the alteration proposed. Both methods were adequate to quantify the drug in the liposomal formulation. DS-UV proved to be rapid, accurate, selective, sensitive, and, therefore, an attractive tool for routine determination of PTX.</p>

https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-5053.20150100 2015 downloads

First report of interaction of nematophagous fungi onLibyostrongylus douglassii (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae)
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Braga, Fabio Ribeiro

; Araújo, Jackson Victor

; Tavela, Alexandre de Oliveira

; Vilela, Vinicius Longo Ribeiro

; Soares, Filippe Elias de Freitas

; Araujo, Juliana Milani

; Magalhães, Layane Queiroz

; Silveira, Wendeo Ferreira da

; Feitosa, Thais Ferreira

; Dantas, Elaine Silva

; Atahyde, Ana Célia Rodrigues

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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Mar 2013, Volume 22 Nº 1 Páginas 147 - 151

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Libyostrongylus douglassii é um nematóide parasito gastrintestinal de avestruzes que pode causar até 50% de mortalidade em aves jovens. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar a capacidade predatória de dois isolados de fungos predadores Duddingtonia flagrans (isolados AC001 e CG722) e umArthrobotrys cladodes (CG719) sobre larvas infectantes (L3) de L. douglassii em condições laboratoriais, em meio ágar–água 2%. Os resultados demonstraram que os fungos testados foram eficientes em predar as L3 de L. douglassii (P < 0,05) em relação ao grupo controle. Contudo, não foi observada nenhuma diferença na capacidade predatória entre os fungos testados (P > 0,05) durante os sete dias do ensaio experimental. Em comparação ao controle, sem fungo, houve uma redução significativa (P < 0,05) de 85,2% (AC001); 81,2% (CG722) e 89,2% (C719) na média de L3 recuperadas nas placas do grupo tratado com os isolados testados. No presente trabalho, os três isolados de fungos predadores D. flagrans (AC001 e CG722) e A. cladodes (CG719) foram eficientes na destruição in vitro das L3 deL. douglassii.

Libyostrongylus douglassii is a gastrointestinal nematode parasite of ostriches that can cause up to 50% mortality in young birds. The objective of this study was to compare the predatory capacity of two isolates of the predatory fungi Duddingtonia flagrans(AC001 and CG722 isolates) and one of Arthrobotrys cladodes (CG719) on infective larvae (L3) of L. douglassii under laboratory conditions, in 2% water-agar medium. The results showed that the fungi tested were effective in preying upon the L3 of L. douglassii (P < 0.05), compared with the control group. However, there was no difference in predatory capacity between the fungi tested (P > 0.05) during the seven days of experimental testing. In comparison with the control, without fungus, there were significant decreases (P < 0.05) of 85.2% (AC001), 81.2% (CG722) and 89.2% (CG719) in the average numbers of L3 of L. douglassii recovered from treatments with the isolates tested. In the present study, the three isolates of the predatory fungi D. flagrans (AC001 and CG722) andA. cladodes (CG719) were efficient at in vitro destruction of the L3 of L. douglassii.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-29612013000100027 5257 downloads

10.

Avaliação de laboratórios brasileiros na determinação de alguns parâmetros de qualidade de biocombustíveis
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Gonçalves, Mary A.

; Gonzaga, Fabiano B.

; Fraga, Isabel C. S.

; Ribeiro, Carla M.

; Sobral, Sidney P.

; Rego, Eliane C. P.

; Santana, Elaine B.

; Oliveira, Leonardo M.

; Silva, Viviane F.

; Leal, Rodrigo V. P.

; Santo Filho, Dalni M. E.

; Siqueira, José R. R.

; Barbosa, Thales P.

; Rodrigues, Janaína M.

; Cunha, Valnei S.

; Skrobot, Vinícius L.

; Costa, Cristiane B.

; Pessoa Júnior, Aderson R.

; Carneiro, Helena S. P.

; Colares, Helenice

; Caliman, Ednéia

; Alves, Márcia V. S.

Química Nova

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2013, Volume 36 Nº 3 Páginas 393 - 399

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

This work shows the results of a Proficiency Testing performed by a partnership between INMETRO and ANP. The performance of 49 Brazilian laboratories (using the z-score statistical test) in determining 10 quality parameters of ethanol fuel and biodiesel was evaluated. The certified reference values were provided by INMETRO, allowing a more rigorous assessment of the laboratories. For hydrous ethanol, the acidity parameter showed the lowest number of laboratories with satisfactory results (48%), while 85% of the laboratories presented satisfactory results for ethanol content. For biodiesel, the percentage of laboratories with satisfactory results ranged from 46% (kinematic viscosity) to 92% (acid number).

6051 downloads

11.

Variabilidade in vitro, in vivo e molecular de isolados de Cercospora coffeicola
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Dell' Acqua, Raphaela

; Mantovani, Elaine Spindola

; Braghini, Masako T.

; Oliveira, Claudio Marcelo G.

; Harakava, Ricardo

; Robaina, Abikeyla S.

; Petek, Marcos Rafael

; Patricio, Flávia R. A.

Tropical Plant Pathology

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Out 2011, Volume 36 Nº 5 Páginas 313 - 326

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Neste estudo, sete isolados de Cercospora coffeicola, agente causal da cercosporiose em cafeeiros, foram estudados com relação ao crescimento micelial em diferentes temperaturas, comparação das sequências das regiões ITS1 e ITS2 do DNA ribossômico e de parte do gene da calmodulina, e com relação à patogenicidade a oito cultivares de cafeeiro (Catuaí Vermelho IAC 81, Catuaí S H3, Tupi IAC 1669 - 33, Tupi RN IAC 1669 - 13, Icatu Vermelho IAC 4045, Ouro Verde IAC H 5010-5, Geisha IAC 1137 e Mundo Novo IAC 376-4). As temperaturas de maior crescimento micelial foram de 23,8, 23,7 e 23,9ºC para os isolados IBLF277 (Franca, SP), IBLF280 (São Sebastião do Paraíso, MG) e IBLF379 (São João do Manhuaçu, MG), respectivamente; de 24,6ºC e de 25,1ºC para os isolados IBL199 (Patos de Minas, MG) e IBLF270 (Boa Esperança, MG); e de 27,6 e 27,8ºC, para os isolados IBLF004 (Campinas, SP) e IBLF206 (Patrocínio, MG). Na análise filogenética os isolados IBLF270 e IBLF379 formaram um subgrupo único, mas as sequências do gene da calmodulina de todos os isolados apresentaram 100% de identidade. Os isolados IBLF277, IBLF270, IBLF379 e IBLF199 foram os mais patogênicos às mudas de cafeeiro das diferentes cultivares. A cultivar Ouro Verde IAC H 5010-5 foi a mais resistente à cercosporiose e as cultivares Geisha IAC 1137, Mundo Novo IAC 376-4 e Tupi IAC 1669-33 as mais suscetíveis, entretanto, no segundo experimento, houve interação entre cultivares e isolados.

Seven isolates of Cercospora coffeicola, the etiological agent of brown eye spot in coffee, were studied in relation to micelial growth at different temperatures, sequences of the ITS1 and ITS2 ribossomic DNA regions and of part of the calmodulin gene, and pathogenicity to seedlings of eight coffee cultivars (Catuaí Vermelho IAC 81, Catuaí S H3, Tupi IAC 1669 - 33, Tupi RN IAC 1669 - 13, Icatu Vermelho IAC 4045, Ouro Verde IAC H 5010-5, Geisha IAC 1137 and Mundo Novo IAC 376-4). The temperatures that promoted the highest micelial growth varied among isolates: 23,8, 23,7 and 23,9ºC for isolates IBLF277, IBLF280 and IBLF379; 24,6ºC to 25,1ºC for isolates IBL199 and IBLF270; and 27,6 and 27,8ºC for isolates IBLF004 and IBLF206. In the phylogenetic analysis, isolates IBLF270 and IBLF379 were separated in a subgroup, but the sequences of part of the calmodulin gene of all isolates showed 100% identity. The most pathogenic isolates for all coffee cultivars were IBLF277, IBLF270, IBLF379 and IBLF199. The cultivar Ouro Verde IAC H 5010-5 was the most resistant to brown eye spot and the cultivars Geisha IAC 1137, Mundo Novo IAC 376-4 and Tupi IAC 1669-33 were the most susceptible, but in the second experiment there was interaction between cultivars and isolates.

2727 downloads

12.

Biological potential of Stillingia oppositifolia
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Cota, Betania Barros

; Johann, Susana

; Oliveira, Djalma M.

; Siqueira, Ezequias P.

; Souza-Fagundes, Elaine M.

; Cisalpino, Patrícia S.

; Alves, Tânia M. A.

; Zani, Carlos Leomar

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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Fev 2011, Volume 21 Nº 1 Páginas 70 - 77

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Organic extracts from leaves and stems of Stillingia oppositifolia Baill. ex Müll. Arg., Euphorbiaceae, were screened for antifungal and cytotoxic properties. The extracts presented Minimum Inhibitory Concentration values around 250 µg.mL-1 against Candida krusei and Candida tropicalis, and around 63 µg.mL-1 for Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. They were tested on three human cell lines (UACC-62, MCF-7, and TK-10), disclosing GI50 values, (concentration able to inhibit 50% of the cell growth) ranging from 50 to 100 µg.mL-1. Organic extract from stems furnished hexanic, dichloromethanic and aqueous phases after partition. Chromatographic fractionation of the hexanic soluble phase of the stems yielded aleuritolic acid 3-acetate, β-sitosterol, 3-epi-β-amyrin, β-amyrone and palmitic acid. These compounds showed antifungal and cytotoxic activities in the same range as the organic crude extract and low toxic effect against mononuclear cells obtained from human peripheral blood. This is the first report on chemical and biological potential of S. oppositifolia.

2940 downloads

13.

New approaches to the development of anti-protozoan drug candidates: a review of patents
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Cunha, Elaine F. F. da

; Ramalho, Teodorico C.

; Mancini, Daiana T.

; Fonseca, Emanuella M. B.

; Oliveira, Aline A.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2010, Volume 21 Nº 10 Páginas 1787 - 1806

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

As doenças causadas por protozoários afetam hoje em dia uma grande parcela da população mundial, provocando muitas mortes e exercendo grande influência na qualidade de vida e no desenvolvimento de muitos países. Essas doenças afetam principalmente países pobres e por isso, a pesquisa e o desenvolvimento de novos fármacos são negligenciados. De fato, a maioria das drogas usadas no tratamento dessas doenças data de décadas passadas e apresentam muitas limitações, incluindo o aparecimento da resistência às drogas. Este artigo tem como foco os mais recentes desenvolvimentos publicados no campo de patentes, entre 2001-2008, com especial atenção a promissores compostos atuando contra tripanossomíase, leishmaniose, malária, toxoplasmose, amebíase, giardíase, balantidíase e pneumocistose.

Protozoan infections are parasitic diseases that affect hundreds of millions of people worldwide, but have been largely neglected for drug development because they affect poor people in poor regions of the world. Most of the current drugs used to treat these diseases are decades old and have many limitations, including the emergence of drug resistance. This review will focus on the most recent developments, from 2001 to 2008, published in the field of patents and publications, paying particular attention to promising compounds acting against trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, malaria, toxoplasmosis, amebiasis, giardiasis, balantidiasis and pneumocystosis, their chemistry and biological evaluation, and to new chemical and pharmaceutical processes.

5887 downloads

14.

Proposed methodology for monitoring antiretroviral drugs price negotiations in Latin America and the Caribbean
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Osorio-de-Castro, Claudia G. S.

; Crisante, Maruja

; Miranda, Elaine S.

; Oliveira, Egléubia A.

; Oliveira, Maria A.

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública

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Ago 2009, Volume 26 Nº 2 Páginas 137 - 147

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

OBJECTIVES: The spread of HIV/AIDS challenges governments to provide antiretroviral (ARV) treatment at affordable prices, and various initiatives have been developed with that intent. In Latin America and the Caribbean, four subregional negotiations were conducted during 2002-2005 to reduce drug prices and thus broaden access to ARVs. Studies were carried out to monitor the negotiations, and the development of a monitoring methodology was recommended. The objective of the current study was to develop and describe a potential methodology for monitoring ARV price negotiations. METHODS: The study, carried out in 2006-2007, consisted of a design phase and validation phase. The design phase included an extensive literature review and development of a theoretical framework. Validation was performed using health professional consensus and pilot studies in three countries-Barbados, Honduras, and Peru-representing the Caribbean, Central American, and Andean subregions. RESULTS: The results included a detailed logic model and a 40-indicator framework. Both were tested in the field. Indicators were evaluated for feasibility, pertinence, and sensitivity, based on the outcome of the pilot study. CONCLUSIONS: This monitoring methodology is designed to help countries self-evaluate progress toward implementation of ARV price negotiations. The results of the pilot study indicate that its implementation in the field helped elucidate the ARV price negotiation process by identifying local conditions and indirectly measuring countries' negotiating capacities.

OBJETIVO: La diseminación del VIH/sida exige de los gobiernos suministrar el tratamiento antirretroviral (ARV) a precios asequibles y se han desarrollado varias iniciativas con ese fin. En América Latina y el Caribe se han realizado cuatro negociaciones subregionales entre 2002 y 2005 para reducir los precios de los medicamentos y así ampliar el acceso a los ARV. Se han realizado estudios para monitorear las negociaciones y se ha propuesto crear una metodología de monitoreo. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue desarrollar y describir una posible metodología para el monitoreo de las negociaciones de los precios de los ARV. MÉTODOS: El estudio, realizado en 2006-2007, constó de las fases de diseño y validación. En la fase de diseño se hizo una extensa revisión de la literatura y se desarrolló un marco teórico. La validación se realizó mediante un análisis de consenso de profesionales de la salud y un estudio piloto en tres países -Barbados, Honduras y Perú- en representación del Caribe, América Central y la subregión andina. RESULTADOS: Se obtuvo un detallado modelo logístico y un marco conceptual de 40 indicadores. Ambos se probaron en el terreno. Se evaluaron la factibilidad, pertinencia y sensibilidad de los indicadores según los resultados del estudio piloto. CONCLUSIONES: Esta metodología de monitoreo se diseñó para ayudar a los países a autoevaluar sus progresos en la implementación de la negociación de precios de los ARV. Los resultados del estudio piloto indican que su implementación en el terreno ayudó a esclarecer el proceso de negociación de los precios de los ARV mediante la identificación de las condiciones locales y la medición indirecta de la capacidad de negociación de los países.

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15.

Conhecimentos de educadores de creches sobre alimentação infantil
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Shimabukuro, Elaine Emy

; Oliveira, Mariana de Novaes

; Taddei, José Augusto de A. C.

Revista Paulista de Pediatria

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Set 2008, Volume 26 Nº 3 Páginas 231 - 237

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o conhecimento das educadoras de creches sobre a alimentação nos primeiros anos de vida. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com 137 educadoras de oito creches do município de São Paulo, selecionadas no universo de 36 creches pertencentes à Coordenadoria de Santo Amaro, segundo critérios descritos a partir da metodologia proposta por Beghin. Para avaliar o conhecimento sobre alimentação das educadoras, foi construído e aplicado um questionário estruturado e pré-codificado com questões de múltipla escolha e "verdadeiro e falso" durante as reuniões mensais realizadas nas creches. No estudo das associações, utilizou-se o teste do qui-quadrado, selecionando variáveis com nível de significância p<0,05. RESULTADOS: A idade das educadoras variou de 19 a 66 anos, com mediana de 38 anos, sendo que 41,3% tinham curso superior completo. A mediana e o desvio padrão (dp) do número de erros nas questões dos subtemas aleitamento materno, aleitamento artificial, alimentação complementar e de todas as questões sobre alimentação foram respectivamente: 3 (dp=1,75); 2 (dp=0,87); 2 (dp= 0,96) e 7 (dp=2,65). CONCLUSÕES: Faz-se necessária a difusão dos programas de ação continuada e o aprimoramento de ações intersetoriais, envolvendo equipes multiprofissionais e creches locais, pois somente os conhecimentos incorporados na prática são insuficientes para promover boa alimentação e hábitos alimentares saudáveis para o crescimento e o desenvolvimento adequados das crianças atendidas.

OBJECTIVE: To assess daycare centers educators' knowledge on feeding during the first year of life. METHODS: Cross-sectional study comprising 137 educators from eight daycare centers of São Paulo city (Brazil) selected from the universe of 36 daycare centers linked to Santo Amaro Coordination. Selection was based on Beghin's methodology. In order to assess educators' knowledge on feeding a structured, previously codified and tested questionnaire was built with true/false and multiple choices questions and applied. Chi-square test was used to test association between selected variables, being significant p<0.05. RESULTS: Educators' ages ranged from 19 to 66, with a median of 38 years; 41.3% had completed university education. Regarding errors for questions on breastfeeding, artificial lactation, complementary feeding and the sum of all questions about infant feeding, the median and standard deviation (sd) were respectively: 3 (sd=1.75); 2 (sd=0.87); 2 (sd= 0.96) and 7 (sd=2.65). CONCLUSIONS: Continuous action programs and improvement of intersectorial actions involving multidisciplinary teams and local daycare centers are required, since solely the knowledge incorporated into practice is not sufficient to promote good feeding and healthy eating habits for the proper growth and development of the assisted children.

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